Bubble-like structures generated by activation of internal shape modes in two-dimensional sine-Gordon line solitons

摘要

Nonlinear waves that collide with localized defects exhibit complex behavior.Apart from reflection, transmission, and annihilation of an incident wave, alocal inhomogeneity can activate internal modes of solitons, producing manyimpressive phenomena. In this work, we investigate a two-dimensionalsine-Gordon model perturbed by a family of localized forces. We observed theformation of bubble-like and drop-like structures due to local internal shapemodes instabilities. We describe the formation of such structures on the basisof a one-dimensional theory of activation of internal modes of sG solitons. Aninterpretation of the observed phenomena, in the context of phase transitionstheory, is given. Implications in Josephson junctions with a current dipoledevice are discussed.